Manganese

Located at Group 7 and Period 4 of the Periodic Table is the element used one of the element used in industrial alloy such as Stainless Steels. This is Manganese.

First discovered and isolated in 1744 by Johan Gottlieb Gahn by heating the mineral called pyrolusite using coal.

Johan Gottlieb Gahn

Actually, chemist has early suspected the presence of a new element in Pyrolusite. Early artist gives glass a beautiful purple color using the mineral Pyrolusite. Besides, Pyrolusite is also used to remove unwanted colors caused by impurities on glasses. Adding Pyrolusite into the glass can remove unwanted colors.

Pyrolusite

So, a German Scientist called Ignatius Gottfried Kaim tried to isolate a new element. He successfully isolated it the new element. But however, Kaim's report wasn't read and he lost the credit.

After Kaim's incident, a lot of scientist was influenced to research this Pyrolusite. However, not much scientist succeed.

Until 1744, Johan Gottlieb Gahn finally researched a way to isolate the new element from Pyrolusite. He heated Pyrolusite with coal, which is a form of Carbon. The Carbon took Oxygen away, which forms in to Carbon Dioxide and leaving behind pure Manganese.

Manganese was often found with Iron, which makes it confusing to most scientist. The first person to differentiate Iron and Manganese is, of course, Johan Gottlieb Gahn.

Railroad Tracks

However, until now, people still alloy Manganese and Iron in Blast Furnaces or Electric Arc - Furnace type system, which forms a Ferroalloy ( Feraloy )called Ferromanganese. Ferromanganese contains 80% of Manganese and 20% of Iron. It is used in tools, heavy - duty machinery, railroad tracks, bank vaults, construction components and even automobile parts.

Atomic Number : 25
Name : Manganese
Latin Name : Magnes
Electrons per Shell : [ 2, 8, 13, 2 ]
Discoverer : Ignatius Gottfried Kaim
Isolator : Ignatius Gottfried Kaim
Element's : Atomic Mass : 54.938044 u
                  : Density : 7.21 g/cm³
                  : Type : Transition Metals
Chemical Properties : 

Manganese - 55

• Combines with Oxygen to form Manganese Oxide
• Combines with Fluorine to form Manganese Difluoride
• Combines with Chlorine to form Manganese Dichloride
• Dissolves in most acids
• 33 isotopes : 3 of them are :
        Manganese - 53 : Protons : 25
                                  : Neutrons : 28
                                  : Electrons : 25
      ( Half Life : 3.7 million years )
  
       Manganese - 54 : Protons : 25
                                  : Neutrons : 29
                                  : Electrons : 25
      ( Half Life : 312 days )
  
       Manganese - 55  : Protons : 25
                                  : Neutrons : 30
                                  : Electrons : 25
      ( Half Life : Stable )

Physical Properties : 

• steel - gray
• hard
• shiny
• brittle
• Melting Point : 1245 degrees Celsius ( 2273 Fahrenheit )
• Boiling Point : 2100 degrees Celsius ( 3800 Fahrenheit )

How Manganese Got its name?

Manganese got its name from the Latin name Magnes, meaning magnet, because its known as making glasses. Don't get confused though, because Manganese is not that magnetic.

Uses

Manganese has many known uses, such as producing a variety of alloys and to deoxidize steel as well as to desulfurize. Besides, Manganese is also used to make dry - cell batteries. Manganese is also known as a black - brown pigment of paint.

Dry - Cell Batteries

THIS IS THE END OF MANGANESE

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